European black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) is a large, fast-growing shrub or small tree known for its airy clusters of creamy white flowers in late spring and its dark purple-black berries in late summer to early fall.
The flowers grow in broad, flat-topped umbels that can be 6 to 10 inches across, giving the plant a soft, cloud-like appearance when in bloom. They have a light, sweet fragrance and attract many pollinators, especially bees.
The leaves are pinnate, meaning each leaf is made up of several serrated leaflets arranged along a central stem. They are a medium to deep green and give the plant a lush, slightly wild look.
As the season progresses, the flowers develop into dense clusters of small berries that ripen to a deep black-purple color. These berries are commonly used in syrups, jams, and traditional herbal preparations, though they must be cooked before consumption.
European black elderberry grows 8 to 20 feet tall depending on conditions and prefers full sun to partial shade with moist, well-drained soil. It is valued both as an ornamental plant for its flowers and berries and as a wildlife plant that supports birds and beneficial insects.